The 100 most highly cited papers of all time

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To mark the anniversary, Nature magazine asked Thomson Reuters to list the 100 most highly cited papers of all time. The search covered all of Thomson Reuter’s Web of Science, an online version of the SCI that also includes databases covering the social sciences, arts and humanities, conference proceedings and some books. It lists papers published from 1900 to the present day.

 
Title of the paperRankSubject
Phosphorus assay in column chromatography.81Biology lab techniqueShow more
MOLSCRIPT: a program to produce both detailed and schematic plots of protein structures.82CrystallographyShow more
Van der Waals volumes and radii.83CrystallographyShow more
A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity.84Biology lab techniqueShow more
Projector augmented-wave method.85Physical chemistryShow more
Optimization by simulated annealing.86Physical chemistryShow more
Nitric oxide: physiology - pathophysiology - and pharmacology.87Biology lab techniqueShow more
An algorithm for least-squares estimation of nonlinear parameters.88Mathematics/statisticsShow more
Efficiency of ab initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set.89Physical chemistryShow more
A low-cost - high-efficiency solar-cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films.90Physical chemistryShow more
A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy.91Biology lab techniqueShow more
The Protein Data Bank.92CrystallographyShow more
Accurate and simple analytic representation of the electron-gas correlation-energy93Physical chemistryShow more
Rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA.94Biology lab techniqueShow more
Improved methods for building protein models in electron-density maps and the location of errors in these models.95CrystallographyShow more
Accurate spin-dependent electron liquid correlation energies for local spin-density calculations — a critical analysis.96Physical chemistryShow more
Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity.97Biology lab techniqueShow more
Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man.98MedicineShow more
Adsorption of gases in multimolecular layers.99PhysicsShow more
MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models100PhylogeneticsShow more