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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 83 / Monday, May 3, 2021 / Rules and Regulations devices less capable or suitable for outdoor use; and prohibited these access points from operating on battery power except for back-up power in case of a power outage. It also required that the access points be marketed for indoor use only and include a label attached to the equipment and included in the devices user manual stating that FCC
regulations restrict operation to indoor use only. The Commission found that these requirements would make outdoor operations impractical and unsuitable.
19. The Commission also permitted devices such as Wi-Fi extenders and mesh networking equipment intended to work in conjunction with an indoor access point, referred to as subordinate devices in the Commissions rules, to operate at the same power levels as an indoor access point, provided that they comply with all of the requirements the Commission set forth for those devices i.e., the device cannot be weather resistant, must have an integrated antenna and cannot have the capability of connecting other antennas, cannot be capable of operating on battery power, and must include a label regarding proper usage and the end unit obtains its own equipment certification. Under these requirements, modules do not qualify for higher power. Such devices may be used as part of a mesh network but may only be used within a single structure and not to connect separate buildings or structures. The Commission believed that such relief was a reasonable accommodation to keep most popular consumer devices less complex and more affordable without increasing the potential of harmful interference to incumbent licensees as these devices would be installed and used in manner analogous to an access point. To keep the potential for causing harmful interference low, the Commission required client devices to operate under the control of an access point, and limited client devices power spectral density and maximum transmit power to 6 dB below the power permitted for the access point.
20. Out-of-Band Emissions OOBE
Limits. Based on support in the record, the Commission imposed the same level of OOBE protection from UNII4
devices that it had previously adopted for UNII3 devices. However, in doing so, it took advantage of building attenuation, as well as other factors, to provide flexibility and maximum utility to American consumers. Specifically, the Commission adopted indoor unlicensed device OOBE limits of 15
dBm/MHz at 5.895 GHz, decreasing linearly to 7 dBm/MHz at 5.925 GHz for UNII4 devices, or devices that operate across a single channel that
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spans the UNII3 and UNII4 bands.
The record supported these protection levels, which are the same as the current OOBE limits for UNII3 devices after accounting for building attenuation. The Commission was not persuaded that the more restrictive OOBE limits suggested by ITS proponents were needed to protect DSRC operations since those limits were more restrictive than the U
NII3 OOBE limits, which the Commission previously affirmed would protect DSRC operations and have proven to be effective for protection of incumbent operations in the 5.9 GHz band. The Commission also adopted its proposal to apply the existing UNII3
OOBE limits at the lower edge of the UNII3 band for UNII4 devices, or devices that operate across a single channel that spans the UNII3 and UNII4 bands. The Commission concluded that these limits would protect adjacent-band ITS operations from harmful interference due to unlicensed operations in the UNII4
band while also supporting separate UNII3 and UNII4 bands, and would provide flexibility to design UNII3
equipment under the less stringent OOBE rules at the upper edge of the band as well as for devices to operate across the UNII3 and UNII4 bands using the widest channel bandwidths permitted under the IEEE 802.11p2010
standard.
21. The IEEE 802.11p2010 standard referenced in this rulemaking is formally known as: IEEE Standard for Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systemsLocal and metropolitan area networksSpecific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN
Medium Access Control MAC and Physical Layer PHY Specifications Amendment 6: Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments. The standard specifies the extensions to IEEE Std.
802.11 for wireless local area networks WLANS providing wireless communications while in a vehicular environment and describes the functions and services that allow an IEEE 802.11TM-compliant device to communicate directly with another such device outside of an independent or infrastructure network. The standard provides valid type and subtype combinations, to/from distribution system combinations in data frames, time advertisement frame body, element IDs, default enhanced distributed channel access parameter set for station operation if dot11OCEnabled is true, encoding of the timing capabilities field, optional enhanced receiver performance requirements, management information
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base attribute default values/ranges, emissions limits sets, behavior limits sets, transmit power level by regulatory domain, and spectrum mask data for 10
megahertz channel spacing. Other provisions include orthogonal frequency division multiplexing specifications for the 5 GHz band, frame formats, and the medium access control sublayer functional description.
22. Measurement Procedures.
Consistent with its decision in Unlicensed Use of the 6 GHz Band, Report and Order, 85 FR 31390 May 26, 2020 6 GHz Report and Order that the OOBE limit adopted to protect adjacent ITS services at the top of the 5.9 GHz band should be verified using a root mean square RMS detector or other appropriate techniques for measuring average power, the Commission decided that an RMS detector may be used to conduct 5.9 GHz unlicensed device OOBE measurements. The Commission concluded that because RMS
measurements represent the continuous power being generated from a device, as opposed to peak power, which may only be reached for short periods of time, an RMS measurement is more appropriate for ensuring that UNII devices potential for causing harmful interference to adjacent-band operations is significantly minimized. The Commission stated that it would provide guidance on this procedure to the test labs and telecommunications certification bodies which conduct equipment approval measurements and equipment approval oversight.
23. Outdoor Unlicensed Operations.
Although the Commission decided not to permit across the board outdoor unlicensed operations in the 5.850
5.895 GHz portion of the 5.9 GHz band before ITS operations move out of the band, it decided to allow limited outdoor unlicensed operations in certain specified locations in the band through either the special temporary authority or other existing regulatory processes where such operations would not cause harmful interference to any incumbent operations.
24. Protection of Other Incumbents in the 5.8505.895 GHz Band. The Commission declined to adopt SES
Americoms and Intelsats suggestion for an aggregate power limit from unlicensed devices to be enforced through use of an Automatic Frequency Coordination AFC system to protect Fixed Satellite Service space station receivers from harmful interference. The Commission believed that because the space station receivers are limited to geostationary orbits, approximately 35,800 kilometers above the equator, it was unlikely that relatively low-

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