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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 150 / Monday, August 9, 2021 / Proposed Rules SCUBA for picking and scouting, but when a harvest area is identified the Hookah method is predominantly used.
California and Washington allow divers to use nitrox and scooters, although Oregon prohibits the use of mixed gas.
The sea urchin commercial dive fishery is a limited entry permit fishery in all three U.S. West Coast states. In Washington there are catch limits, but none in Oregon or California. However, there are size limits in Oregon and Washington, but none in California. In Oregon, there are depth restrictions where harvest can occur. The Washington sea urchin permits are distributed almost equally between state and tribal commercial fishermen.
The sea cucumber dive fishery is a limited entry fishery in California and Oregon, but is open access requiring a shellfish dive permit in Washington. In California, there are no landing or size limits. In California, sea cucumber trawl permits allow for trawling or diving for sea cucumber, whereas a sea cucumber dive permit only allows for diving for sea cucumbers. In Oregon, harvest of sea cucumbers is allowed under a sea urchin permit. In Washington, a quota system exists for sea cucumbers. If the quota for the season is reached, the fishery is closed. The quota for each year changes and is based on stock assessments for each district.
Submissions of logbooks are required in all three states.
To obtain a commercial geoduck permit, a competitive bid process is used to sell harvest contracts to the highest responsible bidder. Successful bidders are required to obtain a WDFW
fishery license prior to commercial harvest.
The WA/OR/CA hand/mechanical collection fishery employs hand or mechanical collection methods within the intertidal or nearshore areas in all three West Coast states. Collection of clams and other mollusks in intertidal and subtidal areas, including razor, cockle, and butter clams, represent a substantial level of commercial harvest, especially in Oregon and Washington.
Harvest of various bait fish or aquaria collection species in nearshore waters also occurs, particularly in California.
This fishery has 320 participants.
The methods used for hand collection of targeted species can include shovels, hand pumps especially for most clams, rakes, trowels, and hands bare or protected. Hand powered tools are generally used in intertidal areas only.
Methods for mechanical collection, especially for baitfish and aquaria species in nearshore or intertidal waters, include dip nets, hand pumps for bait shrimp, and small trawl nets, along
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with numerous other devices.
Management of hand and mechanical collection fisheries occurs with varying degrees within each state.
In Washington, specific permits are needed to harvest important target species such as razor clams or burrowing shrimp. Commercial harvest of razor clams is allowed only on the detached Willapa Spits, located at the mouth of Willapa Bay. Fishermen must either register with a Department of Health certified razor clam dealer or become certified by the Department of Health individually.
In Oregon, harvest of intertidal clam and shrimp species require a commercial shellfish or intertidal animal harvest permit. Seasonal restrictions that can vary by area may apply. Subtidal harvest of clams requires a separate permit.
In California, permits that are relevant, depending on the specific target and gear used, include: Tidal invertebrates, ghost shrimp, bay shrimp, and marine aquaria species. There are time and area restrictions that include marine conservation areas and state marine reserves.
Number of Vessels/Persons NMFS proposes to update the estimated number of vessels/persons in the Pacific Ocean Table 1 as follows:
Category II
CA thresher shark/swordfish drift gillnet 14 in mesh fishery from 14 to 21 vessels/persons;
CA halibut/white seabass and other species set gillnet >3.5 in mesh fishery from 37 to 39 vessels/persons;
CA yellowtail, barracuda, and white seabass drift gillnet mesh size 3.5 in and <14 in fishery from 22 to 20
vessels/persons;
WA Puget Sound Region salmon drift gillnet fishery from 154 to 136
vessels/persons;
CA coonstripe shrimp pot fishery from 14 to 9 vessels/persons;
CA spiny lobster fishery from 186 to 189 vessels/persons;
CA spot prawn pot fishery from 23
to 22 vessels/persons;
CA Dungeness crab pot fishery from 501 to 471 vessels/persons;
OR Dungeness crab pot fishery from 342 to 323 vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA sablefish pot fishery from 155 to 144 vessels/persons;
WA coastal Dungeness crab pot fishery from 197 to 204 vessels/persons;
HI shortline fishery from 9 to 5
vessels/persons;
Category III
CA set gillnet mesh size <3.5 in fishery from 296 to 11 vessels/persons;

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HI inshore gillnet fishery from 36 to 29 vessels/persons;
WA Grays Harbor salmon drift gillnet fishery from 24 to 19 vessels/
persons;
WA/OR Mainstem Columbia River eulachon gillnet fishery from 5 to 10
vessels/persons;
WA Willapa Bay drift gillnet fishery from 82 to 57 vessels/persons;
WA/OR sardine purse seine fishery from 42 to 6 vessels/persons;
CA anchovy, mackerel, sardine purse seine fishery from 65 to 53
vessels/persons;
CA squid purse seine fishery from 80 to 68 persons/vessels;
CA tuna purse seine fishery from 10
to 14 vessels/persons;
WA/OR Lower Columbia River salmon seine fishery from 10 to 1
person/vessel;
WA/OR herring, anchovy, smelt, squid purse seine or lampara fishery from 130 to 41 vessels/persons;
WA salmon seine fishery from 75 to 81 vessels/persons;
HI lift net fishery from 17 to 15
vessels/persons;
HI inshore purse seine fishery from <3 to none recorded vessels/persons;
HI throw net, cast net fishery from 23 to 15 vessels/persons;
HI seine net fishery from 24 to 17
vessels/persons;
CA squid dip net fishery from 115
to 19 vessels/persons;
HI offshore pen culture fishery from 2 to 1 vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA albacore surface hook and line/troll fishery from 705 to 556
vessels/persons;
CA/OR/WA salmon troll fishery from 4,300 to 1,030 vessels/persons;
HI troll fishery from 2,117 to 1,380
vessels/persons;
HI rod and reel fishery from 322 to 237 vessels/persons;
Guam tuna troll fishery from 432 to 398 vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA groundfish, bottomfish longline/set line fishery from 367 to 314
vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA Pacific halibut longline fishery from 350 to 130 vessels/persons;
CA pelagic longline fishery from 1
to 4 vessels/persons;
HI kaka line fishery from 15 to 5
vessels/persons;
HI vertical line fishery from 3 to none recorded vessels/persons;
CA halibut bottom trawl fishery from 47 to 23 vessels/persons;
CA sea cucumber trawl fishery from 16 to 11 vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA shrimp trawl fishery from 300 to 130 vessels/persons;
WA/OR/CA groundfish trawl fishery from 160180 to 118 vessels/
persons;

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