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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 114 / Wednesday, June 16, 2021 / Rules and Regulations Agreement include, but are not limited to, the following objects:
1. SepulchersSepulchers are repositories for remains of the dead, in stone usually marble or limestone, metal, and wood. Types of burial containers include sarcophagi, caskets, coffins, and urns. These may also have associated sculpture in relief or in the round. May be plain or have figural, geometric, or floral motifs either painted or carved in relief. May also contain human or animal remains.
2. Inscriptions, Memorial Stones, Epitaphs, and TombstonesThis category includes inscribed funerary objects, primarily slabs in marble and ceramic; most frequently engraved with Ottoman Turkish, Turkish, Arabic, Greek, Armenian, or Hebrew. These may also have associated sculpture in relief or in the round.
3. Funerary OfferingsThis category includes objects in all materials;
shrouds and body adornment such as clothing, jewelry, and accessories; idols, figurines, vessels, beads, weapons, or other ritual or ceremonial offerings; and writing implements, books, and manuscripts.
C. Ritual and Ceremonial Objects This category includes objects for use in religious services Christian, Islamic, Jewish, and others or for imperial use by the state Byzantine Empire, Seljuk Empire, Anatolian Beyliks, and Ottoman Empire. Examples of ritual and ceremonial objects covered in the Agreement include, but are not limited to, the following objects:
1. Religious ObjectsThis category includes objects in all materials such as lamps, libation vessels, pitchers, chalices, plates, censers, candelabra, crosses and cross pendants, pilgrim flasks, tabernacles, boxes and chests, carved diptychs, liturgical spoons, Kiddush cups, bells, ampoules, Torah pointers and finials, prayer beads, icons, amulets, and Bektashi surrender stones.
This type also includes reliquaries and reliquary containers, which may or may not include human remains. Often engraved or otherwise decorated.
2. ImperialThis category includes objects in all materials, such as ceremonial garments, clothing emblematic of imperial position, and other accessories thereof such as shoes, headdresses and hats, belts, and jewelry;
objects of imperial office such as scepters, staffs, insignia, relics, and monumental boxes, trays, and containers; flags, flagstaffs, and alem finials; stamps, seals, and writing implements for official use by the state;
tapestries, or other representations of the imperial court; musical instruments;

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and boats, chariots, and other forms of official transportation, and parts thereof.
3. FurnitureThis category includes objects primarily in stone or wood, including altars, tables, platforms, pulpits, fonts, screens, thrones, minbar, lecterns, desks, and other types of furniture used for religious or official imperial purpose.
4. TextilesGenerally in linen, silk, and wool. This category includes textiles and fragments from religious contexts including garments such as tapestries, hangings, prayer rugs and carpets, shrine covers, altar cloths;
clothing and accessories such as robes, vestments, kaftans, turbans, hats, and talismanic shirts. Commonly decorated with embroidered designs including religious, floral, and geometric motifs.
This category also includes imperial objects such as clothing including vestments and robes; flags and flag bags sanjaks; and carpets and tapestries.
5. Musical InstrumentsThis category includes instruments important for religious or imperial ceremonies such as a baglama or saz, tambur, rebab, and ud string instruments; harps; ney reed flute; pipes; whistles; kudum small double drum; kos drum; kanun zither; trumpets and bugles; and cymbals.
D. PaintingsThis category includes works of paint on plaster, wood, or ceramic from religious or public contexts. Paintings from these periods provide information on social and religious history of the people of Turkey that may be absent from written records.
Examples of paintings include, but are not limited to:
1. Wall PaintingsThis category includes paintings on various types of plaster, which generally portray religious images and/or scenes of Biblical events. Types may also include simple applied color, bands and borders, animal, floral, and geometric motifs.
2. Panel Paintings IconsIcons are smaller versions of the scenes on wall paintings, and may be partially covered with gold or silver, sometimes encrusted with semi-precious or precious stones and are usually painted on a wooden panel, often for inclusion in a wooden screen. May also be painted on ceramic.
3. Works on PaperPaintings may be on papyrus, parchment, and paper.
Images depicted may include religious scenes, representations of imperial court life, simple applied color, bands and borders, animal, floral, and geometric motifs.
E. Written RecordsThis category includes written records of religious, political, or scientific importance, including, but not limited to, the
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following. Works may be on papyrus, parchment, paper, or leather. Papyrus documents are often rolled and/or fragmentary. Parchment and paper documents may be single leaves or bound as scrolls or books. They may have illustrations or illuminated paintings with gold or other colors.
There are also examples of Qurans and other religious and/or rare books written on leather pages. This category includes boxes for books or scrolls made of wood or other organic materials, and book or manuscript covers made of leather, textile, or metal.
F. Military MaterialThis category includes imperial military objects from the Byzantine, Seljuk, Beyliks, and Ottoman periods, in all materials.
1. UniformsUniform clothing either meant to be worn under armor or without, is usually made of textile or leather. This includes clothing emblematic of military position, and other accessories thereof such as shoes, headdresses and hats, belts, and jewelry.
2. Weapons and ArmorThese are often in iron, steel, or other metal. This category includes arrows, daggers, swords, saifs, scimitars, other blades with or without sheaths, spears, and pre-industrial firearms and cannon; may be for use in combat or ceremonial. May be inlaid with gemstones, embellished with silver or gold, or engraved with floral or geometric motifs. Grips or hilts may be made of metal, wood, or semiprecious stones such as agate, or bound with leather. Armor may consist of small metal scales, originally sewn to a backing of textile or leather. This type also includes helmets, body armor, shields, and horse armor. Other objects may be made of leather, including archers bags, shields, and masks. This category also includes: Auxiliary objects such as powder horns and belts;
military standards; and boats, chariots, or other means of imperial military transportation.
3. Musical InstrumentsThese instruments were used to encourage and direct military operations. This category includes pipes and other wind instruments, trumpets and bugles, and drums and other percussion instruments such as the cevgan a long-handled rattle with bells and chimes.
Inapplicability of Notice and Delayed Effective Date This amendment involves a foreign affairs function of the United States and is, therefore, being made without notice or public procedure under 5 U.S.C.
553a1. For the same reason, a delayed effective date is not required under 5 U.S.C. 553d3.

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