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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 232 / Tuesday, December 7, 2021 / Proposed Rules HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans, or whether DOE should consider any other test procedure.
While some of the HSBD ceiling fans and LDBD ceiling fans are advertised as being capable of variable speed operation, and sold with a variable speed drive, others are advertised as only capable of single speed operation.
For HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans capable of only single speed operation, DOE proposes that both HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans be tested only at high speed operation. For HSBD and LDBD
ceiling fans capable of variable speed operation, DOE proposes that HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans also be tested at high speed operation and 40 percent speed.
DOE requests comment on its proposal to test single speed HSBD and LDBD ceiling fans only at high speed and variable speed HSBD and LDBD
ceiling fans at high speed and 40
percent speed. Alternatively, DOE
requests comment on the typical number of operating speeds and hours for HSBD ceiling fans and LDBD ceiling fans.
As stated previously, the quantity of air moved by HSBD ceiling fans and LDBD ceiling fans is significantly greater than HSSD ceiling fans on the market and more similar to the max airflow or CFM of large-diameter ceiling fans. Therefore, DOE proposes that the efficiency metric for both HSBD
ceiling fans and LDBD ceiling fans be CFEI, consistent with large-diameter ceiling fans. Therefore, DOE is proposing to modify the language in appendix U, section 3.5 to specify that for HSBD ceiling fans and/or LDBD
ceiling fans capable of only single speed operation, the CFEI should be calculated only at high speed. Similarly, DOE is proposing that for large-diameter, HDBD, and LDBD ceiling fans the CFEI
be calculated at high speed and 40
percent speed.
Alternatively, DOE is also considering the small-diameter ceiling fan metric, CFM/W, for HSBD ceiling fans and/or LDBD ceiling-fans. If DOE were to consider a CFM/W metric, DOE would need to account for the number of operating hours in active mode and the number of hours at each operating speed. DOE would also need data on the number of hours in standby mode.
DOE requests comment on whether the efficiency of HDBD ceiling fans and LDBD ceiling fans is more appropriately evaluated using the CFEI or CFM/W
metric.
D. Standby Power Metric for LargeDiameter Ceiling Fans As discussed previously, the Energy Act of 2020 specifies that LDCFs are no
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longer required to meet minimum ceiling fan efficiency requirements in terms of the ratio of total airflow to total power consumption, CFM/W, as established in the January 2017 Final Rule. See also 42 U.S.C.
6295ff6CiI Instead, Congress established separate minimum efficiency standards for two distinct modes of LDCF operation. 42 U.S.C.
6295ff6CiII Specifically, Congress defined standards based on a CFEI at high speed, and at 40 percent speed or the nearest speed that is not less than 40 percent speed. Id. The Energy Act of 2020 amendments to EPCA explain that CFEI means the Fan Energy Index for large-diameter ceiling fans, and that it is calculated in accordance with ANSI/AMCA Standard 20818 titled Calculation of the Fan Energy Index, with the following modifications: Using an Airflow Constant Q0 of 26,500 cubic feet per minute; using a Pressure Constant P0
of 0.0027 inches water gauge; and using a Fan Efficiency Constant h0 of 42
percent. 42 U.S.C. 6295ff6Cii Whereas the CFM/W metric incorporated active mode and standby mode into a single metric, the new CFEI
metric, adopted in the Energy Act of 2020, incorporates only active mode, without accounting for standby mode.
EPCA requires amended test procedures and energy conservation standards to incorporate standby mode and off mode energy use.17 42 U.S.C.
6295gg2 and 3 Amended test procedures must integrate standby mode and off mode energy consumption into the overall energy efficiency, energy consumption, or other energy descriptor, unless the current test procedures for a covered product already incorporate standby mode and off mode energy consumption, or such an integrated test procedure is technically infeasible, in which case the Secretary shall prescribe a separate standby mode and off mode energy use test procedure for the covered product, if technically feasible. 42 U.S.C.
6295gg2A
DOE has initially determined that it would be technically infeasible to 17 EPCA defines standby mode as the condition in which an energy-using product: Is connected to a main power source, and offers one or more of the following user-oriented or protective functions: 1
The ability to facilitate the activation or deactivation of other functions including active mode by remote switch including remote control, internal sensor, or timer; and 2 continuous functions, including information or status displays including clocks, or sensor-based functions. 42
U.S.C. 6295gg1Aiii Off mode is the condition in which the ceiling fan is connected to a main power source and is not providing any standby or active mode function. 42 U.S.C.
6295gg1Aii
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integrate standby power with each of the statutory CFEI requirements i.e., high-speed requirement and 40-percent requirement, such that the integrated metric would be representative of an average period of use as required by EPCA. See 42 U.S.C. 6293b3 The two standards for LDCFs established by Congress require measurement of energy efficiency at two separate modes of operation, both of which occur during active mode i.e., operation of the fan at high speed, and operation of the fan at 40 percent speed or the nearest speed that is not less than 40 percent speed.
Each energy efficiency measurement, by itself, does not fully represent active mode energy efficiency and even a combination of the two may not fully represent active mode.
Standby mode is a distinct mode from either of the segments of active mode for which energy efficiency is measured. If an LDCF is consuming energy, but not operating in active mode, it is operating in either standby mode or off mode.18
Given that, as previously discussed, each metric required by the Energy Act of 2020 does not fully account for active mode energy use/efficiency, neither metric would be appropriately representative if integrated with standby mode operation because the resulting metric would capture a portion of active mode energy and the total standby energy use. Such an integrated metric would not be representative of an average period of use. Further, were standby power integrated into the measurements required for both LDCF
standards, the same standby energy use would be represented twiceonce with the integrated high-speed metric and once with the integrated 40-percent metric. The standby mode energy use could be scaled to the active mode energy use for the corresponding LDCF
standard, but under such a metric, standby mode energy use would not be fully captured. Even if both LDCF
standards were integrated with a scaled standby energy use, the total standby mode energy use may not be captured because the measurements for the two LCDF standards may not represent the complete active mode operation.
For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs, DOE is proposing a separate metric for standby mode energy use.
Specifically, DOE proposes for the test method for power consumption in 18 Consistent with the discussion in the October 2014 test procedure NOPR for ceiling fans, DOEs research continues to suggest that there is no off mode power consumption for ceiling fans, so DOE
is not proposing an off-mode power efficiency metric or off mode testing. See 79 FR 62522, 62524
Oct. 17, 2014.

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