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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 183 / Friday, September 24, 2021 / Proposed Rules
Valley, identification of potential control measures for such sources, assessment of the stringency and feasibility of the potential control measures, and adoption and implementation of feasible control measures.172
Mobile source categories for which CARB has primary responsibility for reducing emissions in California include most new and existing onand non-road engines and vehicles and motor vehicle fuels. The SJV PM2.5
Plans BACM demonstration provides a general description of CARBs key mobile source programs and regulations and a comprehensive table listing onroad and non-road mobile source regulatory actions taken by CARB since 1985.173
Appendix D of the 2018 PM2.5 Plan also describes the current efforts of the eight local jurisdiction metropolitan planning organizations MPOs to implement cost-effective transportation control measures TCMs in the San Joaquin Valley.174 TCMs are projects that reduce air pollutants from transportation sources by reducing vehicle use, traffic congestion, or vehicle miles traveled. TCMs are currently being implemented in the San Joaquin Valley as part of the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality cost effectiveness policy adopted by the eight local jurisdiction MPOs and in the development of each Regional Transportation Plan RTP. The Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality policy, which is included in a number of the Districts prior attainment plan submissions for the ozone and PM2.5
NAAQS, provides a standardized
process for distributing 20 percent of the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality funds to projects that meet a minimum cost effectiveness threshold beginning in fiscal year 2011. The MPOs revisited the minimum cost effectiveness standard during the development of their 2018 RTPs and 2019 Federal Transportation Improvement Program and concluded that they were implementing all reasonable transportation control measures.175
Appendix D of the Districts 2016
Ozone Plan for 2008 8-Hour Ozone Standard, adopted June 16, 2016, contains a listing of adopted TCMs for the San Joaquin Valley.176
We have reviewed the States and Districts analysis and determination in the SJV PM2.5 Plan that their baseline mobile, stationary, and area source control measures meet the requirements for BACM for sources of direct PM2.5
and applicable PM2.5 plan precursors i.e., NOX for purposes of the 1997 24hour PM2.5 NAAQS. In our review, we considered our evaluation of the States and Districts rules in connection with our approval of the demonstrations for BACM including BACT and MSM for the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS.177 We find that the evaluation processes followed by CARB and the District in the SJV PM2.5
Plan to identify potential BACM were generally consistent with the requirements of the PM2.5 SIP
Requirements Rule, the States and Districts evaluation of potential measures is appropriate, and the State and District have provided reasoned justifications for their rejection of potential measures based on technological or economic infeasibility.

We also agree with the Districts conclusion that all reasonable TCMs are being implemented in the San Joaquin Valley and propose to find that these TCMs implement BACM for transportation sources.
For the foregoing reasons, we propose to find that the SJV PM2.5 Plan provides for the implementation of BACM for sources of direct PM2.5 and NOX as expeditiously as practicable in accordance with the requirements of CAA section 189b1B, and in satisfaction of both the Serious area and section 189d plan requirements.
c. Section 189d Five Percent Requirement The SJV PM2.5 Plans demonstration of annual five percent reductions in NOX
emissions is in section 5.2 of the 2018
PM2.5 Plan. As shown in Table 3, the demonstration uses the 2013 base year inventory as the starting point from which the five percent per year emissions reductions are calculated and uses 2017 as the year from which the reductions start. The target required reduction in 2017 is five percent of the base year 2013 inventory, which is a reduction of approximately 15.9 tpd of NOX, and the targets for subsequent years are additional reductions of five percent per year until the 2020
attainment year. The projected emissions inventories reflect NOX
emissions reductions achieved by baseline control measures and the demonstration shows that these NOX
emissions reductions are greater than the required five percent per year.

TABLE 320172020 ANNUAL FIVE PERCENT EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS DEMONSTRATION FOR THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY
Year
2013
2017
2018
2019
2020

base year

% Reduction from 2013
base year
5% Target tpd NOX

5 10
15
20

301.3
285.5
269.6
253.8

CEPAM
inventory v1.05
tpd NOX
317.3
233.4
221.5
214.5
203.3

Meets 5%?

Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.

Source: 2018 PM2.5 Plan, Table 52.

The EPA proposes to find that the States use of 2017 as the starting point from which the five percent per year emissions reductions should begin is reasonable and consistent with the CAA. As discussed in section IV.C.1 of 172 2018

PM2.5 Plan, Appendix D, Chapter II.
at Table 17.
174 Id. at D127 and D128.
173 Id.

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this document, the EPA interprets the language under CAA section 189d to require a state to submit a new attainment plan to achieve annual reductions from the date of such submission until attainment. The 2018
175 Id.

at D127.
and SJVUAPCD, 2016 Ozone Plan for 2008 8-Hour Ozone Standard adopted June 16, 176 Id.

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PM2.5 Plan was not submitted until May 10, 2019. However, the Serious area attainment deadline for the San Joaquin Valley nonattainment area for the 1997
PM2.5 NAAQS was December 31, 2015.178 Accordingly, a plan submittal 2016, Appendix D, Attachment D, tables D10 to D17.
177 85 FR 44192.
178 80 FR 18528.

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