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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 160 / Monday, August 23, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
Dated: August 18, 2021.
Laura Galban, Federal Register Liaison, Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection.
FR Doc. 202117994 Filed 82021; 8:45 am BILLING CODE 4810AMP

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 25
Docket No. FAA20200893; Special Conditions No. 25790SC

Special Conditions: Pro Star Aviation LLC, Bombardier Model CL6002B16
Airplanes; Installation of an Infrared Laser Countermeasure System Federal Aviation Administration FAA, DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions.
AGENCY:

These special conditions are issued for the Bombardier Model CL
6002B16 Bombardier airplane. This airplane, as modified by Pro Star Aviation LLC Pro Star Aviation, will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. This design feature is a system that emits infrared laser energy outside the aircraft as a countermeasure against heat-seeking missiles. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for this design feature. These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: Effective September 22, 2021.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Eric Peterson, Safety Risk Management Section, AIR633, Policy and Innovation Division, Aircraft Certification Service, Federal Aviation Administration, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, Washington 98198;
telephone and fax 2062313413; email Eric.M.Peterson@faa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

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SUMMARY:

airplane, which is a derivative of the Bombardier Model CL600 series airplanes currently approved under Type Certificate No. A21EA, is a twinengine business jet with seating for 20
passengers and two crewmembers, and a maximum takeoff weight of 47,600
pounds.
Type Certification Basis Under the provisions of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations 14 CFR 21.101, Pro Star Aviation must show that the Bombardier Model CL6002B16
airplane, as changed, continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations listed in Type Certificate No.
A21EA, or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the change, except for earlier amendments as agreed upon by the FAA.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness regulations e.g., 14 CFR part 25 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the Bombardier Model CL6002B16
airplane because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of 21.16.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which they are issued. Should the applicant apply for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on the same type certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would also apply to the other model under 21.101.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special conditions, the Bombardier Model CL
6002B16 airplane must comply with the fuel-vent and exhaust-emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the noise-certification requirements of 14
CFR part 36.
The FAA issues special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance with 11.38, and they become part of the type certification basis under 21.101.

Background
Novel or Unusual Design Features The Bombardier Model CL6002B16
airplane, as modified by Pro Star Aviation, will incorporate the following novel or unusual design feature:
A system that emits infrared laser energy outside the aircraft.

On December 7, 2018, Pro Star Aviation applied for a supplemental type certificate to install a Large Aircraft Infrared Countermeasure LAIRCM system, which directs infrared laser energy toward heatseeking missiles, on the Bombardier Model CL6002B16 airplane. This
Discussion In recent years, in several incidents abroad, civilian aircraft were fired upon by man-portable air defense systems MANPADS. This has led several companies to design and adapt systems like LAIRCM for installation on civilian aircraft, to protect those aircraft against
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heat-seeking missiles. Pro Star Aviations LAIRCM system directs infrared laser energy toward an incoming missile, in an effort to interrupt the missiles tracking of the aircrafts heat.
Infrared laser energy can pose a hazard to persons on the aircraft, on the ground, and on other aircraft. The risk is heightened because infrared light is invisible to the human eye. Human exposure to infrared laser energy can result in eye and skin damage, and affect a flight crews ability to control the aircraft. Infrared laser energy can also affect other aircraft, whether airborne or on the ground, and property, such as fuel trucks and airport equipment, in a manner that adversely affects aviation safety.
FAA design standards for transport category airplanes did not envisage that a design feature could project infrared laser energy outside the airplane. The FAAs design standards are inadequate to address this capability. Therefore, this system is a novel or unusual design feature, and the FAA has developed these special conditions to establish a level of safety equivalent to that of the regulations.
Special conditions are also warranted, per 14 CFR 21.16, because FAA design standards are inappropriate for this design feature. 14 CFR 25.1301 requires installed equipment to be of a design that is appropriate for its intended function. The FAA has no basis to determine whether this LAIRCM system will successfully perform its intended function of thwarting heat-seeking missiles.
Ground Activation. Condition 1
requires the design to have means to prevent inadvertent operation of the system while the airplane is on the ground, including during maintenance.
These means must identify and address all foreseeable failure modes that may result in inadvertent operation. These modes include errors in airplane maintenance and operating procedures, such as erroneously setting the system to air mode while the airplane is on the ground. The applicant could show such failure modes, their risks, and how they will be addressed, by conducting safety assessments and incorporating prevention strategies into the design.
In-Flight Activation. Condition 2
requires that the system be designed so that in-flight operation does not result in damage to the airplane or to other aircraft, or injury to any person. To account for these effects, the applicants analysis should include effects from the systems erroneous operation, from system failures, and from failures that may not be readily detectable prior to
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