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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 134 / Friday, July 16, 2021 / Proposed Rules
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TABLE II.3TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS FOR CRE CONSIDERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARCH 2014 FINAL RULE
Continued Technology option category
Technology option
Heat Exchangers

Fans
Defrost
Insulation
Expansion Valves
Doors

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Other Technologies
Compressors

Issue 9: DOE seeks information on the technologies listed in Table II.3 of this document, including their applicability to the current market and how these technologies may impact the energy use of CRE as measured according to the DOE test procedure. DOE also seeks information on how these technologies may have changed since they were considered in the March 2014 Final Rule analysis. Specifically, DOE seeks information on the range of efficiencies or performance characteristics that are currently available for each technology option.
Issue 10: DOE seeks information on the technologies listed in Table II.3 of this document regarding their market adoption, costs, and any concerns with incorporating them into products e.g., impacts on consumer utility, potential safety concerns, manufacturing/
production/implementation issues, etc., particularly as to changes that may have occurred since the March 2014 Final Rule.
Issue 11: DOE seeks comment on any other technology options that it should consider for inclusion in its analysis and if these technologies may impact equipment features or user utility.
In a final rule published on December 20, 2011, EPA listed propane R290 as acceptable for use in self-contained CRE, subject to a charge limit of 150
grams and other appropriate safety measures to address the flammability risk. 76 FR 78832. In an April 10, 2015
final rule, EPA additionally listed isobutane R600a and the hydrocarbon blend R441A as acceptable for use in self-contained CRE, also subject to a
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Lighting occupancy sensors.
Improved evaporator coil design.
Improved condenser coil design self-contained equipment only.
Low-pressure differential evaporators.
Liquid suction heat exchangers.
Higher efficiency fan motors e.g., Electronically Commutated Motors ECM.
Variable-speed fan motors with controls.
Higher efficiency fan blades.
Hot-gas defrost.
Defrost cycle controls.
Increased insulation thickness.
Vacuum insulated panels.
Higher efficiency expansion valves.
Improved gaskets.
Inert gas fill.
Low-emissivity coating.
Additional glass panes.
Anti-fog films.
Anti-sweat heater controls.
Night Curtains.
Higher efficiency compressors for self-contained equipment only.

150-gram charge limit and other safety measures to address flammability. 80 FR
19454.
A review of the market indicates that manufacturers of self-contained CRE
have begun transitioning to hydrocarbon refrigerants, which have different thermo-physical properties than traditionally-used refrigerants. In considering how manufacturers would improve efficiencies for CRE, DOE is interested in how equipment energy consumption is affected by the ongoing transition to alternative refrigerants.
Issue 12: DOE requests comment on which refrigerants DOE should consider as potential technology options for improving CRE efficiencies. DOE
additionally requests comment and supporting data on the energy consumption impact of this transition to alternative refrigerants. DOE also seeks information on the availability of such alternative refrigerants and their applicability and/or penetration in the current market. Specifically, DOE
requests information on whether charge limits or safety standards e.g., standards issued by Underwriters Laboratory would restrict their use.
DOE also requests comment on any additional design changes or safety measures that may be required for CRE
to incorporate alternative refrigerants.
Issue 13: DOE similarly requests comment on the likely alternative refrigerants for use with remote condensing CRE. DOE specifically requests supporting data on how such a transition would impact the energy consumption of remote condensing CRE
as measured under the DOE test
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procedure and on any additional design changes or safety measures that may be required for some alternative refrigerants.
CRE manufacturers may similarly be transitioning from traditional foam blowing agents to alternatives, which may affect the physical properties of the foam itself, namely its ability to resist heat transfer i.e., the R-value. These differences in the R-value of insulation foam in turn affect the energy performance of CRE by influencing case heat load.
Issue 14: DOE requests comment and supporting data on the market penetration, costs, and thermal resistivities of insulation foams using traditional and alternative blowing agents. DOE additionally requests comment on any potential safety concerns, such as flammability, arising from alternative foam blowing agents.
Finally, DOE requests comment and supporting data on any additional design changes or safety measures that may be required to incorporate alternative foam blowing agents in CRE.
As discussed previously in this RFI, DOE may consider energy conservation standards for refrigerated salad bars, buffet tables, and preparation tables;
additional pull-down temperature applications; chef bases or griddle stands; high-temperature CRE; and CRE
with dedicated remote condensing units. The features and operation of these types of equipment may introduce additional technology options not previously considered.
Issue 15: DOE requests comment on any technology options not previously
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