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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 7 / Tuesday, January 12, 2021 / Rules and Regulations HAAT over a geo-fenced area to determine whether a channel is available over the entire area. To simplify calculations, the Commission permits the database to use only the highest, i.e., worst case, HAAT within a geo-fenced area in determining channel availability rather than having to calculate the HAAT at each location.
The Commission sees no reason to limit the size of the geo-fenced area since mobile devices will only be permitted to operate in areas where the spectrum is less congested. The requirement that a channel must be available over an entire geo-fenced area will tend to preclude extremely large areas since there is less likelihood that the same TV
channel will be vacant over a very large contiguous area.
50. Because a mobile device must be able to accurately determine its location, the Commission requires that a mobile device comply with similar geo-location requirements to fixed devices.
Specifically, the Commission requires that a mobile device incorporate a geolocation capability that is capable of determining its location and geolocation uncertainty expressed in meters, with a confidence level of 95%.
To provide flexibility in the design of mobile devices, the Commission permits the use of a remote geo-location unit as the rules permit for fixed devices, provided the remote unit is located on the same moveable platform as the mobile device, e.g., bus or tractor. To ensure that a mobile device is capable of determining whether it is within a geo-fenced area, the Commission requires that a mobile device have the ability to store information on the boundaries of a geo-fenced area in which it will operate.
51. While the Commission proposed in the NPRM to require a mobile white space device operating within a geofenced area to re-check its geographic coordinates at least once every 60
seconds and to cease operation if it travels closer than 1.6 kilometers to the edge of the geo-fenced area or is outside the boundary of the area, the Commission agrees with Shure that this proposed distance should be slightly increased to account for vehicles traveling at allowable highway speed limits. The proposed buffer requirement was intended to ensure that a mobile white space device traveling at 60 miles per hour 1.6 kilometers per minute does not cross outside the geo-fenced area between location checks. However, the Commission recognizes Shures argument that many vehicles travel faster than this speed. The Commission disagrees with Shures contention that a 2.7-kilometer buffer is necessary
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because that corresponds to an atypical vehicle speed of more than 100 miles per hour, but note that Shure believes an increase in the buffer zone size to 1.9
kilometers corresponding to a vehicle speed of just over 70 miles per hour would be an improvement over the Commissions proposal of 1.6
kilometers. Accordingly, the Commission adopts the proposed location re-check interval of 60 seconds, but increases the size of the geo-fenced area buffer from the proposed 1.6
kilometers to 1.9 kilometers.
52. The Commission limits operation of mobile devices to less congested areas as proposed in the NPRM. The Commission believes that the primary applications for mobile devices will be in more rural areas, and limiting the new class of higher power mobile device to areas with more available spectrum will limit the likelihood of interference to authorized services in the TV bands as well as enable all unlicensed devices, including other white space devices and unlicensed wireless microphones, to have an opportunity to access spectrum in the TV bands. To limit the distance at which mobile devices could cause interference to authorized services, the Commission prohibits their operation on satellites and aircraft as proposed in the NPRM. This prohibition of operation on aircraft will include unmanned aerial vehicles e.g., drones.
53. The Commission sees no reason to specially limit the maximum height above ground level for mobile devices or to preclude operation on cranes or bucket trucks as suggested by NAB and others. The Commission requires a mobile device to report its height above ground to the white space database as is required for fixed devices, and the database will take the antenna height above ground into consideration when calculating a mobile devices HAAT and the available channels within a geofenced area. Thus, a higher antenna height above ground will not increase the likelihood of interference to authorized services as parties suggest.
The Commissions also sees no reason to make any special requirements regarding the directivity of mobile device antennas, i.e., larger buffer zones, as suggested by Shure. The required size of the buffer zone is a function of a mobile devices speed and re-check interval and is independent of the power level used.
Narrowband IoT Operations 54. Under current rules, fixed white space devices operating with 4 watts or greater EIRP must comply with a power spectral density PSD limit of 12.6 dBm
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per 100 kilohertz, which limits total conducted power within any 6megahertz television channel to 30
dBm. The PSD limit is proportionally lower for devices operating at lower EIRP levels. The Commission established PSD limits to prevent multiple white space devices from simultaneously operating at the maximum allowable power with transmit bandwidths of less than six megahertz within a single television channel, which would result in a total transmitted power within that channel significantly greater than the limit. The PSD limits were calculated based upon a single white space device spreading its energy uniformly across a 6-megahertz television channel bandwidth, excluding 250 kilohertz near each channel edge for roll-off, and serve to limit the maximum power of white space devices with bandwidths of less than 6-megahertz.
55. In the NPRM, the Commission proposed changes to the white space rules to facilitate narrowband e.g., 100
kilohertz IoT device deployment on TV
channels 235. The proposed rules would permit white space devices to operate with narrowband carriers rather than having to spread all of their energy across a six megahertz channel, and are designed to ensure that narrowband white space devices have no greater interference potential than wider bandwidth devices operating under the current rules. Specifically, the Commission proposed to define a narrowband white space device as a type of fixed or personal/portable white space device operating in a bandwidth of no greater than 100 kilohertz. The Commission also proposed that narrowband white space devices be client devices that communicate with a fixed or Mode II master device that contacts the white space database to obtain a list of available channels and operating powers at its location. In this connection, the Commission also sought comment on whether the proposed definition for narrowband white space device is appropriate for the intended IoT applications.
56. The Commission proposed to permit narrowband white space devices to operate with the same conducted PSD
limit, adjacent channel emission limits, and antenna gain requirements as 4-watt fixed devices. To ensure that the total energy in a single TV channel does not cause harmful interference, the Commission proposed to limit each transmitter to transmissions totaling no more than 10 seconds per hour. The Commission further proposed to require narrowband devices to use a channel plan that limits total transmitted power
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