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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 184 / Monday, September 27, 2021 / Rules and Regulations
that the applicant establish and demonstrate the environmental limits of the engine for those circumstances when the standards in DO160G may not be adequate.
FAA Response: These special conditions are applicable to this applicants project and are not generally applicable requirements. As such, the FAA will evaluate the approach that the applicant proposes to substantiate the compliance of their designs highvoltage systems. The FAA made no changes to these special conditions as a result of this comment.
Comment Summary: TCCA noted that in the introduction to proposed Special Condition no. 10f, the FAA stated that As with other topics within these proposed special conditions, the failure rates that apply to electric engines were not established when the FAA issued this AC referring to AC 33.283.
TCCA stated that the referenced FAA
guidance document might not have sufficient data to allow an applicant to substantiate the selected failure modes and failure rates applicable to the electrical engine and associated highvoltage systems. TCCA recommended that the FAA clarify the statement in the discussion and note that the applicant has the responsibility to substantiate the failure modes and rates to show compliance to these special conditions.
FAA Response: The FAA added clarification to the discussion of Special Condition no. 10f.
Comment Summary: TCCA asked the FAA to clarify whether the engine cockpit controls are part of the configuration discussed in Special Condition no. 10. TCCA also recommended that the FAA require the applicant to conduct a human error assessment to mitigate the effects of crew mistakes due to electric engine cockpit controls if they are different from conventional engine cockpit controls.
FAA Response: The engine cockpit controls are not part of the engine configuration. No changes to these final special conditions are required to address TCCAs comment.
Comment Summary: TCCA requested that Special Condition no. 10a use similar wording as 14 CFR 33.28a.
TCCA stated that such wording could affect the applicants understanding of the requirement because the proposed words indicate Special Condition no.
10a could also be applicable to a system or a device that is not part of the engine type design.
FAA Response: In these final special conditions, the FAA has modified Special Condition no. 10a to
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incorporate the purpose of 14 CFR
33.28a.
Comment Summary: TCCA stated proposed Special Condition no. 10j requires that the loss, malfunction, or interruption of the electrical power to the engine control system not result in a hazardous engine effect, the unacceptable transmission of erroneous data, or continued engine operation in the absence of the control function.
TCCA stated that this special condition does not require the engine control system to be capable of resuming normal operation when the electrical power returns to a normal state. TCCA
commented that the electrical power source could be subject to transients resulting in a temporary effect on the output power and shut down the control system and/or engine. TCCA explained once the temporary transients cease, the engine control system should be capable of resuming normal operation when the power characteristics return to the normal range similar to the requirements of 14 CFR 33.28i4.
TCCA proposed adding a subparagraph to Special Condition no. 10j to require, Voltage transients outside the powersupply voltage limitations declared in SC 10j2 must meet the requirements of SC no. 10j1. The engine control system must be capable of resuming normal operation when electrical power returns to within the declared limits.
FAA Response: A special condition is not required to specify requirements for voltage transients that are outside the power-supply voltage limitations declared in Special Condition no.
10j2, Engine control system electrical power because exceedances to these limitations are addressed by Special Condition no. 10h, Protection systems. Special Condition no. 10j1
corresponds to 14 CFR 33.28i, which includes the additional requirement TCCA recommended. The FAA added, The engine control system must be capable of resuming normal operation when aircraft-supplied power returns to within the declared limits to Special Condition no. 10j1 as a result of this comment.
Comment Summary: TCCA stated Special Condition no. 10 is similar to the current 14 CFR 33.28 requirement.
TCCA suggested modifying Special Condition no. 10 to state, The engine design must comply with 14 CFR
33.28.
FAA Response: 14 CFR 33.28 is applicable to reciprocating and turbine aircraft engines. The airworthiness regulations in 14 CFR 33.28 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the magni350 and magni650 model engines because of a
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novel or unusual design feature use of electrical energy source instead of aviation fuel to drive the mechanical systems. Section 33.28 contains design requirements that do not apply to the proposed engines. The FAA did not change these special conditions as a result of this comment.
Comment Summary: TCCA
recommended that Special Condition no. 10j require the applicant to define and declare, in the engine installation manual, the characteristics of the electrical power supplied to the engine control system, as required by 14 CFR
33.28i3.
FAA Response: The FAA has added a subparagraph to Special Condition no.
10j Engine control system electrical power, which requires magniX to identify and declare the characteristics of any electrical power supplied from the aircraft to the engine control system for starting and operating the engine, including transient and steady-state voltage limits, and any other characteristics necessary for the safe operation of the engine in the engine installation manual.
Comment Summary: TCCA
recommended that Special Condition no. 10 require a means to shut the engine down rapidly.
FAA Response: Special Condition no.
17d2 incorporates 14 CFR
33.75g2vii, which includes, as a hazardous engine effect, the complete inability to shut the engine down. The FAA made no changes to these special conditions as a result of this comment.
Comment Summary: TCCA
commented that the proposed special conditions do not address the emerging issue of cybersecurity. Since the FAA is currently addressing this issue with an issue paper, TCCA recommended incorporating the issue paper into Special Condition no. 10 by reference.
TCCA also recommended that the FAA address cybersecurity by adding a special condition that states, Information system security protection.
Engine control systems, including networks, software, and data, must be designed and installed so that they are protected from intentional unauthorized electronic interactions IUEI that may result in adverse effects on the safety of the aircraft. The security risks and vulnerabilities must be identified, assessed, and mitigated as necessary.
The applicant must make procedures and instructions for continued airworthiness ICA available that ensure that the security protections of the engine controls are maintained.
FAA Response: The FAA does not agree with the comment. A special condition for cybersecurity is not
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