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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 183 / Friday, September 24, 2021 / Proposed Rules
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
EPAR09OAR20210261; FRL896901
R9

Partial Approval and Partial Disapproval of Air Quality Implementation Plans and Determination of Attainment by the Attainment Date; California; San Joaquin Valley Serious Area and Section 189d Plan for Attainment of the 1997 24-Hour PM2.5 NAAQS
Environmental Protection Agency EPA.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
AGENCY:

The Environmental Protection Agency EPA is proposing to approve in part and disapprove in part portions of a state implementation plan SIP
revision submitted by the State of California to meet Clean Air Act CAA
or Act requirements for the 1997 24hour fine particulate matter PM2.5
national ambient air quality standards NAAQS in the San Joaquin Valley nonattainment area. Specifically, the EPA is proposing to approve all but the contingency measure element of the submitted SIP revision as meeting all applicable Serious area and CAA
section 189d requirements for the 1997
24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS and is proposing disapproval of the contingency measure element. The EPA is also proposing to determine that the San Joaquin Valley air quality planning area has attained the 1997 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS. This determination is based on sufficient, quality-assured, and certified data for 20182020. Based on our proposed finding that the San Joaquin Valley nonattainment area has attained the 1997 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS, we are proposing to determine that the requirement for contingency measures will no longer apply to the San Joaquin Valley nonattainment area for these NAAQS. Thus, the EPA is proposing to issue a protective finding for transportation conformity determinations for this proposed disapproval.
SUMMARY:

Any comments on this proposal must be received by October 25, 2021.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPAR09
OAR20210261 at https
www.regulations.gov. For comments submitted at Regulations.gov, follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from Regulations.gov. The EPA may publish DATES:

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any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you consider to be Confidential Business Information CBI
or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions e.g., audio or video must be accompanied by a written comment.
The written comment is considered the official comment and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary submission i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system. For additional submission methods, please contact the person identified in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
For the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please visit https www.epa.gov/dockets/
commenting-epa-dockets. If you need assistance in a language other than English or if you are a person with disabilities who needs a reasonable accommodation at no cost to you, please contact the person identified in the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Ashley Graham, Air Planning Office ARD2, EPA Region IX, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105, 415
9723877, or by email at graham.ashleyr@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Throughout this document, we, us, or our refer to the EPA.

Table of Contents I. Background for Proposed Action A. PM2.5 NAAQS
B. San Joaquin Valley PM2.5 Designations, Classifications, and SIP Revisions II. Summary and Completeness Review of the San Joaquin Valley PM2.5 Plan A. 2018 PM2.5 Plan B. Valley State SIP Strategy III. Clean Air Act Requirements for PM2.5
Serious Area Plans and for Serious PM2.5
Areas That Fail To Attain A. Requirements for PM2.5 Serious Area Plans B. Requirements for Serious PM2.5 Areas That Fail To Attain IV. Review of the San Joaquin Valley PM2.5
Plan for the 1997 24-Hour PM2.5 NAAQS
A. Emissions Inventories B. PM2.5 Precursors C. Attainment Plan Control Strategy D. Attainment Demonstration and Modeling E. Reasonable Further Progress and Quantitative Milestones F. Contingency Measures G. Motor Vehicle Emission Budgets H. Nonattainment New Source Review Requirements Under CAA Section 189e
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V. Determination of Attainment by the Attainment Date A. Requirements for Attainment Determinations B. Monitoring Network Considerations C. Data Considerations and Proposed Determination VI. Summary of Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. Background for Proposed Action A. PM2.5 NAAQS
Under section 109 of the CAA, the EPA has established NAAQS for certain pervasive air pollutants referred to as criteria pollutants and conducts periodic reviews of the NAAQS to determine whether they should be revised or whether new NAAQS should be established.
On July 18, 1997, the EPA revised the NAAQS for particulate matter by establishing new NAAQS for particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers PM2.5.1 The EPA established primary and secondary annual and 24-hour standards for PM2.5.2 The annual primary and secondary standards were set at 15.0 micrograms per cubic meter mg/m3, based on a three-year average of annual mean PM2.5 concentrations, and the 24-hour primary and secondary standards were set at 65 mg/m3, based on the three-year average of the 98th percentile of 24-hour PM2.5
concentrations at each monitoring site within an area.3 Collectively, we refer herein to the 1997 24-hour and annual PM2.5 NAAQS as the 1997 PM2.5
NAAQS or 1997 PM2.5 standards.
On October 17, 2006, the EPA revised the level of the 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS
to 35 mg/m3,4 and on January 15, 2013, the EPA revised the level of the primary annual PM2.5 NAAQS to 12.0 mg/m3.5
Even though the EPA lowered the 24hour and annual PM2.5 NAAQS, the 1997 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS remain in effect and the 1997 primary annual PM2.5 NAAQS remains in effect in areas designated nonattainment for that NAAQS.6
The EPA established the 1997 PM2.5
NAAQS after considering substantial 1 62

FR 38652.
a given air pollutant, primary NAAQS are those determined by the EPA as requisite to protect the public health, allowing an adequate margin of safety, and secondary standards are those determined by the EPA as requisite to protect the public welfare from any known or anticipated adverse effects associated with the presence of such air pollutant in the ambient air. See CAA section 109b.
3 40 CFR 50.7.
4 71 FR 61144.
5 78 FR 3086.
6 40 CFR 50.13d.
2 For
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