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Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 161 / Tuesday, August 24, 2021 / Proposed Rules
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TABLE 1PADEP SIP SUBMITTALS FOR MAJOR NOX AND/OR VOC SOURCES IN PENNSYLVANIA SUBJECT TO SOURCESPECIFIC RACT UNDER THE 1997 AND 2008 8-HOUR OZONE STANDARD
SIP Submittal date
Major source county
5/7/2020

AK Steel Corp formerly Armco, Inc. Butler Operations Butler.
Allegheny and Tsingshan Stainless LLC, Midland Facility formerly J & L Specialty Steel Inc., Midland Facility Beaver.
Alumax Mill Products Lancaster.
American Craft Brewery LLC Lehigh.
American Refining Group Inc McKean.
American Zinc Recycling Corp Horsehead Resource Development Company, Inc. Carbon.
Appvion Operations, Inc. Blair.
ArcelorMittal Steelton LLC formerly Bethlehem Steel Corporation Dauphin.
Carpenter Technology Corporation, Reading Plt Berks.
Chestnut Ridge Foam Inc formerly Chestnut Ridge Foam, Inc., Latrobe Westmoreland.
East Penn Manufacturing Company, Inc., Battery Assembly Berks.
General Carbide Corporation Westmoreland.
Lord Corp Saegertown Crawford.
NLMK Pennsylvania LLC, Farrell Plt formerly Caparo Steel Co.Farrell Mercer.
Omnova Solutions Inc.Auburn Plant formerly Gencorp, Inc. Schuylkill.
Pixelle Specialty Solutions LLCSpring Grove Mill York.
Sonneborn LLC formerly Crompton Corporation, Fairview Township; Witco Corp, Petrolia Facility Butler.
Specialty Tires of America, Indiana Plant formerly Specialty Tires of America, Inc. Indiana.
Standard Steel LLC formerly Standard Steel Division of Freedom Forge Corp. Mifflin.
Tennessee Gas Pipeline Co., Mercer Station 219 Mercer.
Truck Accessories Group Milton Plant formerly Truck Accessories Group East Northumberland.
United Refining Co Warren.
Wheatland Tube Company Mercer.

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I. Background A. 1997 and 2008 8-Hour Ozone NAAQS
Ground level ozone is not emitted directly into the air but is created by chemical reactions between NOX and VOC in the presence of sunlight.
Emissions from industrial facilities, electric utilities, motor vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapors, and chemical solvents are some of the major sources of NOX
and VOC. Breathing ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, particularly for children, the elderly, and people of all ages who have lung diseases such as asthma. Ground level ozone can also have harmful effects on sensitive vegetation and ecosystems.
On July 18, 1997, EPA promulgated a standard for ground level ozone based on 8-hour average concentrations. 62 FR
38856. The 8-hour averaging period replaced the previous 1-hour averaging period, and the level of the NAAQS was changed from 0.12 parts per million ppm to 0.08 ppm. EPA has designated two moderate nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania under the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, namely PhiladelphiaWilmington-Atlantic City, PA-NJ-MDDE the Philadelphia Area and Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley the Pittsburgh Area. See 40 CFR 81.339.
On March 12, 2008, EPA strengthened the 8-hour ozone standards, by revising its level to 0.075 ppm averaged over an 8-hour period 2008 8-hour ozone NAAQS. On May 21, 2012, EPA

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designated five marginal nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania for the 2008 8hour ozone NAAQS: AllentownBethlehem-Easton, Lancaster, Reading, the Philadelphia Area, and the Pittsburgh Area. 77 FR 30088; see also 40 CFR 81.339.
On March 6, 2015, EPA announced its revocation of the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS for all purposes and for all areas in the country, effective on April 6, 2015. 80 FR 12264. EPA has determined that certain nonattainment planning requirements continue to be in effect under the revoked standard for nonattainment areas under the 1997 8hour ozone NAAQS, including RACT.
B. RACT Requirements for Ozone The CAA regulates emissions of NOX
and VOC to prevent photochemical reactions that result in ozone formation.
RACT is an important strategy for reducing NOX and VOC emissions from major stationary sources within areas not meeting the ozone NAAQS.
Areas designated nonattainment for the ozone NAAQS are subject to the general nonattainment planning requirements of CAA section 172.
Section 172c1 of the CAA provides that SIPs for nonattainment areas must include reasonably available control measures RACM for demonstrating attainment of all NAAQS, including emissions reductions from existing sources through the adoption of RACT.
Further, section 182b2 of the CAA
sets forth additional RACT requirements
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for ozone nonattainment areas classified as moderate or higher.
Section 182b2 of the CAA sets forth requirements regarding RACT for the ozone NAAQS for VOC sources.
Section 182f subjects major stationary sources of NOX to the same RACT
requirements applicable to major stationary sources of VOC.1
Section 184b1B of the CAA
applies the RACT requirements in section 182b2 to nonattainment areas classified as marginal and to attainment areas located within ozone transport regions established pursuant to section 184 of the CAA. Section 184a of the CAA established by law the current Ozone Transport Region OTR
comprised of 12 eastern states, including Pennsylvania. This requirement is referred to as OTR RACT.
As noted previously, a major source is defined based on the sources potential to emit PTE of NOX, VOC, or both pollutants, and the applicable thresholds differ based on the classification of the nonattainment area in which the source is located. See sections 182cf and 302 of the CAA.
Since the 1970s, EPA has consistently defined RACT as the lowest emission limit that a particular source is capable of meeting by the 1 A major source is defined based on the sources potential to emit PTE of NOX or VOC, and the applicable thresholds for RACT differs based on the classification of the nonattainment area in which the source is located. See sections 182cf and 302 of the CAA.

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