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Wednesday, February 29, 1956
TITLE 14 CIVIL AVIATION
Chapter I Civil Aeronautics Board Reg. No. SR416
Part 40S cheduled I nterstate A ir Car rier Certification and O peration R ules Part 41Certification and O peration R ules for S cheduled Air Carrier Operations O utside C ontinental L im
its of the U nited S tates P art 42I rregular A ir Carrier and O ff -R oute R ules P art 43G eneral O peration R ules P art 60A ir T raffic R ules special civil air regulation; voluntary pilot report of near mid - air nearmiss COLLISION

FEDERAL REGISTER
that the identity of the pilot making the report to the Board, if known, will be held in strict confidence by the Board, and that the report will not be used to ini tiate, aid, or abet any enforcement, remedial, or disciplinary proceeding un der the Civil Air Regulations. It should be understood, however, that the fact that a pilot, or other interested person, submits a voluntary report of a near mid air collision incident to the Board does not prevent enforcement, remedial, and/
or other appropriate disciplinary pro ceedings that may be initiated on the basis of information obtained from other sources.
The regulation set forth hereinafter assures pilots that disciplinary action will not be taken as a result of informa tion received from a voluntary report, and it is anticipated that it will encour age pilots to submit the desired reports.
However, it is not believed that this action alone will secure the results de sired. It is essential to the success of the program that the attention of all pilots be attracted to it and that an easy means of reporting be made available to them. Hence, to publicize the program, releases will be issued to the press and trade magazines, and notice will be pub lished in the CAA publication Notice to Airmen. Also, a check type, selfaddressed, no-stamp-required, question naire providing a quick and easy method of reporting the circumstances of the incident will be given wide distribution for the pilots use.
Interested persons have been afforded an opportunity to participate in the making of this Special Civil Air Regula tion 20 F. R. 9427, and due considera tion has been given to all relevant matter presented. Since this regulation relieves restriction and does not burden the public, it may be made effective on less than 30 days notice.
In consideration of the foregoing, the Civil Aeronautics Board hereby makes and promulgates the following Special Civil Air Regulation, effective February 23, 1956:

Adopted by the Civil Aeronautics Board at its office in Washington, D. C., on the 23d day of February 1956.
The increasing frequency of near mid air collisions has accentuated the need for a program whereby participants in these incidents would be encouraged to furnish the Board all material details of the incident.
The seriousness of the near mid-air collision problem is increasing, and al though several industry organizations have independently established programs for the anonymous reporting of these incidents, it has been asserted that all pilots have not participated in them due, no doubt, to the fear of possible govern ment enforcement or other disciplinary action. To require, by regulation, that pilots give the facts surrounding their near mid-air collision experiences would be futile since in many cases one or the other of the pilots concerned is in viola tion of the Civil Air Regulations and ob viously would not report such incidents.
However, in the interest of reducing the potential of air collision, it is essential that valid data be obtained on the cir cumstances surrounding such occur rences. It is believed, therefore, that only through the positive and official Contrary provisions of the Civil Air Regu assurance which the Civil Aeronautics lations notwithstanding, Information from a Board can give under its statutory man report voluntarily submitted to the Civil date to promote safety in flight Aeronautics Board by any pilot of any air in air commerce by prescribing craft, or by any other person, giving the conditions, and circumstances sur reasonable rules and regulations facts, any near mid-air collision of air and by ascertaining what will rounding craft, wherever it might occur, shall not be best tend to reduce or eliminate the pos used to Initiate, aid, or abet any enforce sibility of, or recurrence of, accidents ment, remedial, or disciplinary proceeding that a successful program of under the Civil Air Regulations promulgated Voluntary pilot reports on near mid-air by the Board pursuant to the Civil Aeronau tics Act of 1938, as amended. The identity collisions can be undertaken.
Accordingly, to encourage such airmen of the pilot or person making such report, if and any information which might to give this essential information, the known, be used to establish such identity, shall be Board has established a program where held in strict confidence by the Civil Aero by pilots of any aircraft, or other inter nautics Board, and the information derived ested persons, can voluntarily report therefrom shall be used by the Board in the incidents during flight where near mid development of corrective safety measures air collisions near-misses between only, notwithstanding that a violation of the ircraft occur without fear of discipli Civil Air Regulations is disclosed by such nary action even if violation of the Civil report: Provided, That where information of violation of a Civil Air Regulation is ob Regulations is disclosed by such such tained by other means, the fact that the vio in ntw y reportThe Board, in induclation was voluntarily reported will not Pllo s.
mahe voluntary reports of preclude enforcement, remedial, or other dis ar collisions either anonymously or ciplinary proceedings that are initiated on m their discretion assures them the basis of such other information.

1317
Sec. 205, 52 Stat. 984; 49 U. S. C. 425. Inter prets or applies secs. 601, 702, 52 Stat. 1007, 1013; 49 U. S. C. 551, 582

By the Civil Aeronautics Board.
seal M. C. M ulligan , Secretary.
P. R. Doc. 56-1539; Piled, Peb. 28, 1956;
8:51 a. m.

TITLE 21 FOOD AND DRUGS
Chapter I Food and Drug Adminis tration, Department of Health, Edu cation, and Welfare Subchapter E Regulations Under Specific Acts of Congress Other Than the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
P art 281E nforcement of the T ea I mportation A ct TEA STANDARDS

Pursuant to the authority of the Tea Importation Act secs. 2, 10, 29 Stat. 607, 41 Stat. 712, 57 Stat. 500; 21 U. S. C. 42, 50, the regulations for the enforcement of this act 21 CFR 281; 20 F. R. 9807
are amended by changing 281.19 a to read as follows:
281.19 Tea standards, a Samples for standards of the following teas, pre pared, identified, and submitted by the Board of Tea Experts on February 16, 1956, are hereby fixed and established as the standards of purity, quality, and fit ness for consumption under the Tea Im portation Act for the year beginning May 1, 1956, and ending April 30, 1957:
1 Formosa Oolong.
2 Java Black for all black tea ex cept Formosa and Japan Black and Congou type.
3 Formosa Black Formosa Black and Congou type.
4 Japan Black.
5 Japan Green.
6 Scented Canton type.
7 Canton Oolong type.
These standards apply to tea shipped from abroad on or after May 1, 1956.
Tea shipped prior to May 1, 1956, will be governed by the standards which became effective May 1, 1955 20 F. R. 1344.
Notice and public procedure are not necessary prerequisites to the promulga tion of this order, and I so find, since the amendment is based upon the recom mendation of the Board of Tea Experts, which is comprised of experts in teas drawn from the Food and Drug Admin istration and the tea trade, so as to be representative of the tea trade as a whole.
Sec. 10, 29 Stat. 607, as amended; 21 U. S. C.
50. Interprets or applies sec. 2, 29 Stat. 605, as amended; 21 U. S. C. 42

Dated: February 21, 1956.
seal G eo. P. L arrick, Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
P. R. Doc. 56-1516; Piled, Feb. 28, 1956;
8:46 a. m.